News

In the early days of reform and opening up, the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta became the residence of almost all well-known labor-intensive enterprises in the world in a short period of time. Workers from all over the country flocked here to look for work, and the relative surplus labor resources at that time greatly met the initiative of enterprises to choose. Cheap labor market is an indispensable factor for China's "world factory" name, and therefore Chinese manufacturing rapidly occupied the international low-end product market, but also stimulated the rapid development of China's foreign trade enterprises. However, after the turn of the clock in the 21st century, the situation seems to have reversed.

Relevant data show that at the beginning of 2012, the total number of workers in Guangdong Province was about 800,000, and the gap in manufacturing labor demand was large, accounting for 20% of the existing labor volume. Clothing, electronic appliances, and food manufacturing are the top three industries with employment gaps. According to the "2011 thousand private enterprises tracking survey report", 79.4% of private entrepreneurs think that in 2012 to recruit workers "have great difficulties" or "have some difficulties". At the end of 2011, Lin Pingli, a researcher at the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, said in the media that the problem of recruitment has been existing since 2005, and the human resource advantage in coastal areas has gradually weakened, the demographic dividend has become smaller, and the cheap labor force has been rapidly decreasing. Under such circumstances, it is difficult to turn the corner, and the problem of difficult recruitment and labor shortage will become increasingly prominent.

From "demographic dividend" to "wage pressure"

As mentioned above, today's coastal enterprises in China want to maintain the advantage of the number of workers has changed. The central government's support for the mainland policy, from the "western development" to the "revitalization of the northeast", and then to the "rise of the central region" and other strategic directions of capital and technology investment, the process of urban and rural integration has also accelerated. Inland economic development is increasingly close to that of coastal areas. Some coastal local enterprises also covet the lower labor force inland, moving some production units to the hinterland of China. Among them, the more representative enterprise is perhaps Foxconn. In addition to Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan and other places continue to move their industries within the destination. As an element of productivity: people, also gradually back to their home. In a way, there seems to be a "war for migrant workers" between the coast and the interior.

Domestic large-scale production network pulse transformer manufacturers, Dongguan Ming Pu Industrial Co., LTD. General manager Jing Liangcai said, Ming Pu in Dongguan manpower recruitment in the usual time is still normal, but the high turnover rate before and after the Spring Festival, is more difficult to recruit people. Although the recruitment pressure is not large, but at the same time, he also said that the gap between the mainland and Dongguan wages is gradually narrowing, and the attractive advantages of coastal workers are diminishing. In the interview process, the reporter saw Mingpu in front of the company recruitment notice posted in a more prominent position, on the factory floor, a more than 10 meters long banner is also printed: a large number of recruitment of women production, monthly salary can reach 2600.

Jiang Jianping, deputy general manager of Jiangsu Chenyang Electronics Co., LTD., a large high-frequency transformer and inductor filter manufacturer in East China, told reporters that the salary of employees in Chenyang this year has reached 2,500 yuan, an increase of nearly 500 yuan compared with the same period last year.

From "Made in China" to "Made in China"

Although the recruitment difficulties and labor shortages that occur every year bring the production of enterprises to a passive situation, the dominant position of "made in China" is still difficult to break in a short time globally. The industrial chain foundation formed in the past decades is relatively perfect, and the product quality is constantly in line with international standards; More importantly, the scale advantage of Chinese enterprises can receive large orders from international industry giants.

In February, it was reported that Hitachi announced that by the end of September this year, the TV manufacturing business to China and other overseas manufacturers. In other words, Hitachi is gradually divesting its TV manufacturing business since 1956, and in the future, it will reduce costs and strengthen its income structure in the form of overseas OEM. Japanese companies such as SONY, Sharp and Panasonic also plan to gradually increase the proportion of overseas OEM. According to IHSiSuppli, 34% of the world's 100 LCD TVS are made on contract. In this contract, mainland Chinese OEM enterprises and Taiwan OEM enterprises share a share. Cheap labor-intensive enterprises that still have advantages are still the main factors for receiving overseas contract manufacturing orders. Although people are the elements of productivity, the more important productivity is: technology. It is also Foxconn, which is a representative of labor-intensive enterprises in the interior soon, and put forward the "million robots" plan, that is, invest 100 billion yuan in 3 years to buy 1 million robots. It means to streamline the number of workers, reduce the rising cost of employment, and improve the level of automation and production efficiency of the company.

Make it first, then "smart" make it. Foxconn's approach may also reflect the wind vane of manufacturing upgrading in the eastern coastal areas.